DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS
-Maturation of cognitive skills follows a sequential progression.
-“Maturation lags”
-Developmental variations
-Cognitive growth occurs in series invariant and interdependent stages.
EXAMPLES FROM CLASSROOM
Stage 1: Exposure: Teacher gives lesson on noun phrases.
Stage 2: Grasping the knowledge: Student practices identifying noun phrases in sentences.
Stage 3: Independence
Stage 4: Application: Student uses noun phrases when writing a paragraph
BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY
IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS
-Behavioral unit with antecedent event (stimulus), target behavior, and consequent event (reinforcement).
-Analyze task to determine sub skills. Place sub skills in order and sequence.
-Direct instruction/Explicit instruction.
Lesson: Write a 5 paragraph essay about your favorite place.
EXAMPLES FROM CLASSROOM
Step 1: Teach how to write an introductory paragraph. Student writes an introductory paragraph.
Step 2: Identify 3 points of why this is your favorite place. Write a paragraph on each point.
Step 3: Teach how to write a concluding paragraphs. Student writes a concluding paragraph.
Step 4: Praise and give positive reinforcement at each step.
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS
-Cognitive processing of executive functioning, social perception, working memory, self-monitoring and metacognition.
-Learn concepts of problem-solving skills, complex concepts, and how to organize information (metacognition)
EXAMPLES FROM CLASSROOM
Activity: Students will develop a graphic organizer on Urbanization in the late 1800’s in the U.S.
1. Teacher will ask students to write down all they know about Urbanization in the late 1800’s.
2. In small groups, students will combine information, research, and discussion information. Teacher will guide discussions.
3. Students create a graphic organizer.
Developmental psychology: You've done a nice job listing the highlights. One critical aspect is that how and what we teach needs to match the developmental levels of our students. Hence, we don't teach middle school students calculus! Your example relates to a logical sequence of teaching a particular concept. Your example is a good example of scaffolding a student's understanding by moving from more concrete and discrete tasks to application.
ReplyDeleteBehavioral psychology: Your response is direct and to the point. Your example is simplistic, but does represent a behaviorist lesson.
Cognitive psychology: When you give examples in the future, explain in greater detail how your example fits the target concept. In this example, I'd like to hear what aspects of cognitive psychology you see being applied in your example.